Astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant with anti-proliferative, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. It has potential in the research of various diseases, such as cancer and Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular disease. Because of its bright red color, astaxanthin can be used as a food coloring in animal feed.

[1] Desheng Fu, et al. Effect of astaxanthin on retinal pigment epithelial cells in high glucose: an invitro study. Biomedical Research 2017; 28 (15): 6839-6843.

[2] Yang Y, et al. Epigenetic CpG Methylation of the Promoter and Reactivation of the Expression of GSTP1 by Astaxanthin in Human Prostate LNCaP Cells. AAPS J. 2017 Mar;19(2):421-430.

[3] Rachel K Johnston, et al. Effects of astaxanthin on Brachionus manjavacas (Rotifera) population growth. Aquaculture Research. 2018;49:2278–2287.